Grease or no Greece ???

Sound Money. Sound Investments editor Greg Canavan. Greg looks at the Greek bailout and China's ability to save European bacon.

-- As far as can kicks go, this one was not a bad effort. The question you should ask, though, is how long it will take the market to accept this latest European bailout still doesn't solve any fundamental problems. It is just a shameless attempt for gain without pain.

-- Let's look at a few of the details. Greece will get a 50 per cent haircut on its debt? Not so fast. Their total debt load is a mind-boggling €350 billion. This includes around €70 billion in loans from the IMF etc. and about €75 billion that the European Central Bank (ECB) has kindly purchased from the private sector.

-- These amounts will not be subject to a haircut, so Greece is still on the hook for this debt. That leaves around €200 billion subject to the 50 per cent reduction...which actually means it's only a (roughly) 30 per cent trim (we wouldn't even call it a haircut).

-- Given Greek pension funds and banks own a decent chunk of this outstanding amount, it's easy to see who's really paying for this. Banks 1 Greece 0.

-- As an aside, events like this go to show the mainstream press are not up to the task of reporting the facts. Today's front page of the Australian says the haircut will cost banks €150 billion. Then one dot point later it says banks will be forced to strengthen their balance sheets by €106 billion...which, if true, would leave a capital deficit of €44 billion. Clearly, it's not true.

-- This will apparently leave Greece with a debt-to-GDP (Gross domestic product, or economic growth) ratio of 120 per cent by 2020. The Bank for International Settlements recently released a paper showing debt levels were bad for growth when debt hit around 85 per cent of GDP.

-- How is Greece meant to return to private debt markets and borrow unassisted with a still debilitating debt load? (Banks 2 Greece 0).

-- But that's not really the point of this whole exercise. It's a political stunt designed for maximum gain and minimum pain. And as far as the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) goes, there's only 'agreement' to leverage it up, with no concrete details on where the money will come from.

-- Apparently the 'rich' nations of China and Brazil (the ones with income per head of population much lower than the countries they are meant to be helping) will stump up some cash for the EFSF. We'll see. If they have any brains they'll steer clear.

-- And China could well be occupied with its own problems. According to a recent FT report...

In recent days, small and sporadic demonstrations have broken out at a handful of real estate sales offices in large cities such as Shanghai, with angry recent homebuyers organising sit-ins and demanding refunds after developers started offering discounts on neighbouring apartments to attract new customers.

-- The cracks are starting to appear in China's property and fixed asset investment bubble. Authorities have halted work on 6,000 miles of railway construction because financing has dried up.

-- As we pointed out in our Sound Money. Sound Investments report earlier this week, the government has stepped in to guarantee the debts of the Railway Ministry to try to get credit flowing to the sector again.

-- Good luck...the Ministry has a debt load of around US$330 billion, or 5 per cent of GDP. There is so much overcapacity and inefficiency that debt has grown faster than the revenues from the network.

-- As China's investment boom subsides - and it surely will - there will be plenty of other ministries and broke local governments putting their hand out for central government support and guarantees.

-- If you think Western nations are liberal with the bailouts, wait until China buckles under the weight of its credit boom. Everyone who bought an apartment in the past two years will be screaming at the government to get his or her money back.

-- As a result, the Chinese government's fiscal position will be much more precarious this time next year. So Europe better hurry up and coax money out of the Chinese while the central planners are still labouring under the misapprehension they can control their economy.

-- A Daily Reckoning reader recently visited China and kindly sent us some observations. Here are a few of them:

1. The very best apartment space in Shanghai is quoted as Y120,000 per square metre, that's about $NZ24,000. I suspect that is more expensive than just about anywhere else in the world and the quality of life is well below Aussie or NZ standards.
   
   
2. There are plenty of half built apartment buildings on which work appears to have stopped, especially in the smaller cities (small by Chinese standards)
   
   
3. Nothing good is cheap. A Longines watch my wife bought in NZ for $460 was priced at Y25,600 (NZ$5,120) in Shanghai.
   
   
4. The China Daily reports that the money for many railroad and highway projects has run out. Evidence of this is plain to see with unfinished bridges a common sight. The same report says that many migrant workers have not been paid wages for up to 4 months. (Could only happen in a Socialist Paradise!)

-- China has one of the most lopsided economies in history. Investment (in things like bridges, railways, apartments etc.) represents nearly 50 per cent of economic output. In its industrialisation phase in the late 1960s, not even Japan was so dependent on investment spending to generate economic growth.

-- And when that spending is fuelled by credit (using pumped up land values as collateral) you get price inflation and poorly allocated resources. This is what our DR reader sees on the ground in China.

-- So enjoy this stock market rally while it lasts. The Europeans have filled the punchbowl and turned up the music. Everyone is dancing.

-- But like the Troubled Asset Relief Program (the US bank bailout) based rally in 2008, this one will also fade. Within a few months, it will be evident the debt crisis is spreading. If we have learned anything over the past few years, it is that government interference in the market mechanism creates tremendous distortions.

-- These distortions don't manifest straight away. While they are building, false hope and optimism cloud their emergence. But we can guarantee that unintended consequences are already unfolding. When they will show themselves is anyone's guess.

-- So while the music's blaring, it might be worth nonchalantly making your way to the door. Because when the music stops this time around, the exits will get very crowded.

Greg Canavan
Money Morning Australia

Asian countries line up for Aussie gas

China not the only coal in the fire as other Asian countries line up for gas

By Terry Ryder, 29th September 2011

When economists dumb things down for the media, I’m unsure whether they do it for us or for themselves. I suspect the latter, remembering that an economist is someone who likes to play with numbers but lacks the personality to be an accountant.

The dumbest of the dumbing-down behavior is the tendency to see everything in terms of China. This explains why a common question I get at seminars is: what if China stops buying our resources?

The answer is in two parts: (1) China won’t stop, although they may reduce; and (2) it’s not all about China.

The new gas industries around Australia are signing their advanced sales contracts, even before they build the processing plants, with South Korea, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia and elsewhere.

There’s hundreds of billions of dollars in projects happening with markets other than China already signed up.

And, of course, there’s the looming presence of India. Over the past five years exports to India have tripled, taking India from our seventh-largest trading partner to fourth biggest – and rising.

While everyone has been obsessing over China, the big companies of India have been quieting staking their claims in our resources industries, particulary coal.

One of them, Adani Enterprises, is making a $10 billion play for Queensland coal based on vertical integration. The company says it wants to control everything the coal touches.

It has secured a $3 billion coal resource in the Galilee Basin, the emerging new resources province in Central Queensland.

It has spent $2 billion on a 99-year lease over an export facility at Abbot Point, near Bowen. It plans to build a second export facility near Mackay.

It will also be constructing rail links to both ports from the Galilee Basin, at a cost of about $3 billion.

Adani, which has seven power stations to fuel, will even own the bulk carriers which will ship the coal to India. It expects to start exports in 2015.

Another big Indian company, GVK Power and Infrastructure, is also planning to invest $10 billion in the Queensland coal industry.

It has agreed to pay Gina Rinehart, apparently Australia’s wealthiest woman, $1.26 billion for some of her mining assets.

It will take a major stake in three Queensland coal mines owned by Rinehart’s Hancock Prospecting, plus associated rail links and port facilities.

Again, the focus is the Galilee Basin, where GVK will take a 79 per cent share of the Alpha and Alpha West coal projects and 100 per cent of the Kevin’s Corner coal project.

It will take 100 per cent of the 495km rail link project connecting the coal mines to Abbot Point, where there is also an export port development with the capacity to handle 60 million tonnes per year.

Infrastructure developer GVK, which is involved in airports, roads and urban infrastructure, is seeking fuel for new power plants in India, which has become one of the world’s major customers for energy resources as its economy expands.

Coal from the projects is also likely to be sold to Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and, oh yes, also to China.

These two giant Indian companies are putting multiple Queensland locations on the hotspotting radar screen:-

• Emerald, the key regional centre between the Galilee Basin and the established Bowen Basin;
• Bowen, which will be linked to the Galilee Basin by new rail lines and which will be targeted with billions of dollars in investment to expand the Abbot Point export facilities;
• Mackay, a key regional centre for the the Galilee and Bowen Basins - it has the Hay Point and Dalrymple Bay export facilities, which are undergoing major expansion; and
• Alpha, the tiny town west of Emerald where all the new coal-mining action will be focused.

Alpha, inevitably, will become a considerably larger town. The three mines being taken over by GVK will generate around 84 billion tonnes of coal per year, with the first phase of production scheduled to begin in 2014.

Other Indian investment in Australian resources includes the $830 million deal under which another infrastructure firm Lanco Infratech has acquired Griffin Coal which has major assets at Collie in Western Australia.

Lanco has said it will spend $1 billion expanding the Collie mines, increasing production from 5 million tonnes per year to 18 million by 2015.